Conceptually, the chip routing matrix has four major hierarchical routing levels, as shown in the Figure:
• Ultra-fast local network--connecting a tile to its eight surrounding neighbors
• Efficient long-line network--allowing a signal to reach one, two, or four tiles long
• High-speed bus network--distributed throughout the chip
• High-performance global network--with a maximum skew of 0.25 ns
Additionally, robust power and ground grids ensure minimal supply drops and ground rises, regardless of chip pro-ramming.